• Two major mechanisms including apoptosis and oxidative stres

  2021-03-18

  

  Two major mechanisms including apoptosis and oxidative stress have been suggested for MTX-induced cytotoxicity (Hafez et al., 2015; Neuman et al., 1999; El-Sheikh et al., 2015). It has been reported that MTX promotes cell death via apoptosis in both cancerous and non-transformed cells (Mazur et al.,

• br Disclosures br Acknowledgements This work was supported i

  2021-03-17

  

  Disclosures Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain (SAF2010-22051) and Xunta de Galicia, Spain (INCITE08PXIB203092PR). Introduction Ca is a key element in cardiac excitation–contraction (EC) coupling. In each heartbeat,

• On the opposite side sPLA X

  2021-03-17

  

  On the opposite side, sPLA2-X has also been implicated in the pathology of cancer [167,168]. Human sPLA2-X induces lipid droplet formation in Ras-driven MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer vegf inhibitor and promotes their survival during nutrient stress. It acts through the products of its en

• The Acat gene was identified by functional complementation o

  2021-03-17

  

  The Acat1 gene was identified by functional complementation of a Chinese hamster ovary cell mutant lacking ACAT activity [12]. Unlike most other genes, human Acat1 is located in two different chromosomes, smo inhibitor 1 and 7, with each site containing a distinct promoter: chromosome 1 contains ex

• br Introduction Mammalian proteases comprise both the peptid

  2021-03-17

  

  Introduction Mammalian proteases comprise both the peptidases or exopeptidases, which act at the N- or C-terminal positions of polypeptides, and proteinases or endopeptidases, which are capable of cleaving peptide bonds in the central regions of polypeptides. The endopeptidases are classified in

• In mammals neutrophil elastase is a

  2021-03-17

  

  In mammals, neutrophil elastase is a trypsin-like serine protease stored in the azurophilic granules of naïve neutrophils [15], [16]. The catalytic activity of neutrophil elastase relies on a His57–Asp102–Ser195 triad (chymotrypsin numbering system) that functions by transfer of electrons from the c

• Nimodipine is an L type calcium

  2021-03-17

  

  Nimodipine is an L-type calcium channel antagonist that reduces excessive calcium influx during pathological conditions, contributing to its neuroprotective properties (Zornow and Prough, 1996; Kobayashi and Mori, 1998). Autophagy can be induced by increased [Ca2+] (Rami et al., 2008). Nimodipine si

• Mulan is one of three E

  2021-03-17

  

  Mulan is one of three E3 ubiquitin ligases that are present in the mitochondria along with MARCH5/MITOL (membrane associated RING-CH5) and RNF185 [14], [15], [16], [17]. Mulan is a 352-residue polypeptide that crosses the mitochondrial outer membrane (OMM) twice, its amino-terminus, which includes t

• Several functions of FAT have been

  2021-03-17

  

  Several functions of FAT10 have been suggested. It has been shown that FAT10 binds noncovalently to the mitotic spindle checkpoint protein MAD2 and that this binding might cause chromosome instability in the cancer sigma 1 receptor overexpressing FAT10 (Liu et al., 1999, Ren et al., 2006). In other

• Dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors DPP is

  2021-03-17

  

  Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is or gliptins) stimulate both post-meal insulin secretion and inhibit BD 1047 dihydrobromide secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, rendering the risk of hypoglycaemia minimal [10]. They are weight-neutral or may even induce slight weight loss. Their good

• N acetylation by N acetyltransferase NAT is an

  2021-03-17

  

  N-acetylation by N-acetyltransferase (NAT) is an important metabolic pathway for some substances, and there are 2 functional NAT isoforms in humans—NAT1 and NAT2. Studies of etamicastat in healthy subjects showed an extensive N-acetylation of etamicastat to the inactive metabolite BIA 5-961, and a l

• Two parameters were extracted from these experiments to

  2021-03-17

  

  Two parameters were extracted from these experiments to compare the interactions of the three compounds with ct-DNA. The association constant K for the binding of the naphthalimide derivatives to ct-DNA was calculated by fitting the evolution of the fluorescence spectra with a 1:1 binding model usin

• br Experimental section br Results

  2021-03-17

  

  Experimental section Results and discussion Conclusions In conclusion, we have presented an autocatalytic recycling amplification electrochemical biosensing platform for simple, rapid and ultrasensitive detection of MTase activity by combining methylation-sensitive restriction endonuclease

• Introduction Since the recognition of AIDS in more than thir

  2021-03-17

  

  Introduction Since the recognition of AIDS in 1981 more than thirty-five years ago, nearly 70 million individuals have been infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) and roughly half have died (http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2016/AIDS-by-the-numbers). Although the introd

• One possible pitfall of using EPAC activators

  2021-03-16

  

  One possible pitfall of using EPAC2 activators in the treatment of T2DM is their potential to increase glucagon levels. As discussed previously, although the ability of EPAC2 to increase glucagon expression and production is controversial, several studies show that this protein increases Gcg mRNA le

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