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Steroidal CYP inhibitors can further be classified based on
2023-02-07
Steroidal CYP17 inhibitors can further be classified based on their mode of action, namely as mechanism-based inhibitors and type I and type II competitive inhibitors [129]. Recent studies investigated other biological targets than CYP17, and some new compounds have shown interesting dual activity a
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For these reasons the role played by autophagy
2023-02-07
For these reasons, the role played by autophagy in environmental neurotoxicity is not always easily determinable. Indeed, although the neuroprotective role of autophagy has been shown by several studies, sometimes induction of autophagy was associate with deleterious effects (Glick et al., 2010, Sri
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Aurora A the polar kinase is located at the centrosome
2023-02-07
Aurora A the ’polar kinase’ is located at the centrosome and is required for its maturation, division, for the mitotic spindle assembly and entry into mitosis., Mutation or transcriptional silencing of Aurora A impairs centrosome maturation and separation, leads to mono/multipolar spindles, to dela
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The surprising finding of our study is that human
2023-02-07
The surprising finding of our study is that human M1 macrophages stimulated by LPS express ALOX15B to high levels. So far 12/15-lipoxygenase activity was only reported for IL-4 stimulated anti-phlogistic M2 macrophages [9] but not for the classically activated M1 macrophages. Our data suggest that s
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Bioavailability has been defined as the amount of a drug
2023-02-07
Bioavailability has been defined as the amount of a drug given by any route, other than intravenously, that reaches general circulation and is available at the site of action [86]. The low bioavailability observed with the initial intravaginal devices (16%) was attributed to the melting point of the
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The elevated levels of intracellular antioxidant
2023-02-07
The elevated levels of intracellular antioxidant such as reduced glutathione (GSH) are normally oberserved is various tumor 568 synthesis which confers the chemoresistant to chemotherapy [59]. Therefore, the induction of oxidative stress via elevation of intracellular ROS and dimunition of intracel
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Mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from mtDNA abnormalities
2023-02-07
Mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from mtDNA abnormalities may trigger retrograde signaling pathways from the mitochondrion to the nucleus, which regulate the expression of genes involved in diverse cellular processes, including metabolism, stress responses, tumor progression, nutrient sensing, li
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In order to further explore whether the cytoprotective effec
2023-02-07
In order to further explore whether the cytoprotective effect of isogarcinol against oxidative stress in H2O2-induced HepG2 cholecystokinin receptor is a consequence of the breakdown of the endogenous antioxidant defence mechanism, we measured the LDH release, MDA levels, GSH levels and SOD activit
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br AMPK as a druggable target AMPK signaling has attracted
2023-02-07
AMPK as a druggable target AMPK signaling has attracted considerable attention within the past decades, owing to the capacity of pharmacological compounds (e.g., 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside [AICAR] and metformin) or natural compounds (e.g., resveratrol) to activate AMPK in
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The A b action occurs in conditions where high concentration
2023-02-06
The A2b action occurs in conditions where high concentrations of adenosine is generated, so its blockage does not interfere with other physiological processes mediated by adenosine and others AR [105]. Furthermore the A3 receptor was shown to have pro-apoptotic effects on tumor lines of breast, lung
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Plant material and growth conditions Arabidopsis thaliana ec
2023-02-06
Plant material and growth conditions. Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia was grown on a mixture of soil, vermiculite, and perlite (4:2:1) with a 16h light/8h dark 2'-O-Methyl-ATP mg in a temperature-controlled growth room (22°C), unless indicated otherwise. Molecular cloning and plant transform
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Brain damage diseases such as cerebral ischemia brain trauma
2023-02-06
Brain damage diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, brain trauma and infection are characterized by the increase in oxygen free radicals. Therefore, deeper understanding of the character and mechanism of free radical damage in the brain is important to ultimately relieve diseases and promote recovery
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During the year study period of men in the dutasteride
2023-02-06
During the 4-year study period, 19.9% of men in the dutasteride group developed prostate cancer as compared to 25.1% in the placebo group, which represents an absolute risk nefiracetam sale of 5.1% for men taking dutasteride (Pe weighed against the prospect of undesirable sexual side effects and de
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Of note core autophagy factors also play an
2023-02-06
Of note, core autophagy factors also play an important role during the infection of host cells by another type of picornavirus, namely, echovirus 7. ATG16L1 was found necessary for entry/internalization into Caco-2 polarized epithelial cells because the virus accumulated on the surface of ATG16L1-de
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The alamarBlue test revealed that recombinant apelin led
2023-02-06
The alamarBlue test revealed that recombinant apelin led to an increase in basal and IGF1- and FHS-induced ovarian cell proliferation. Apelin increased ERK1/2 and Akt protein expression, but cell proliferation returned to control levels in the presence of kinase inhibitors. This suggests that the pr
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