• V ATPases is a pH

  2018-11-08

  

  V-ATPases is a pH regulator in acidic subcellular compartments including the Golgi complex, vesicles, and lysosomes. Wnt3a secretion requires its binding to the carrier protein wntless (WLS) and Wls-dependent secretion of Wnt3a was shown to require vacuolar acidification (Coombs et al, 2010). In the

• Genetically engineered stem cells may have an

  2018-11-08

  

  Genetically engineered stem cells may have an advantage for gene therapy due to their inherent migration to tumor sites (Kang et al., 2012a; Kang et al., 2012b; Kang et al., 2012d). In this study, we employed HB1.F3 human neural stem cells (hNSCs) obtained from 15week fetal telencephalon and immorta

• Previous studies have demonstrated that the signal transduct

  2018-11-08

  

  Previous studies have demonstrated that the signal transduction pathways mediating ATF3 expression include c-Jun co-expressed with ATF3 in the nervous system after injury and stress (Hunt et al., 2012). The selective JNK/c-Jun inhibitor SP600125 fully blocks ATF3 induction in adult rat ganglion neur

• Sustained constitutive activation of Notch signaling or

  2018-11-08

  

  Sustained, constitutive activation of Notch1 signaling or stimulation with the Jagged1 soluble ligand maintains long-term proliferation of cultured cardiomyocytes, delaying their differentiation into mature beating cells (Boni et al., 2008). This phenomenon should not be interpreted as cell dediffer

• cytotoxicity assay br Conclusions The data presented here

  2018-11-08

  

  Conclusions The data presented here demonstrate that MSX2 induces dedifferentiation with partial cell cycle re-entry in postmitotic multinucleated mammalian muscle cells. Our pharmacological treatment recapitulates MSX2-induced dedifferentiation and exhibits potential for future therapeutic proto

• Keeping SCs out of the

  2018-11-08

  

  Keeping SCs out of the active (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate Supplier phase and minimizing the risk of DNA damage may be especially important in aging and has led to a SC hypothesis of aging (Sharpless and DePinho, 2007; Beausejour and Campisi, 2006). We succeeded in transiently inhibiting DREAM ex

• br Materials and methods br Acknowledgments We

  2018-11-08

  

  Materials and methods Acknowledgments We would like to thank Dr. Keisuke Okita and Prof. Shinya Yamanaka for providing the plasmids for reprogramming. We thank Bente Smith Thorup for excellent technical assistance in the cell culture. We thank Mehri Mirrajei for cytogenetic technical assistanc

• Recent studies have proposed the involvement of

  2018-11-08

  

  Recent studies have proposed the involvement of CSCs/progenitor glycyrrhetinic acid in cancer initiation, progression, metastasis and therapy failure (Cariati and Purushotham, 2008; Gonzalez-Sarmiento and Perez-Losada, 2008; Lawson et al., 2009; Liu et al., 2005; Lynch et al., 2006; Ponti et al., 2

• Previously we succeeded in visualizing the DNA methylation s

  2018-11-08

  

  Previously, we succeeded in visualizing the DNA methylation status by injecting a GFP-fused MBD of MBD1 protein (EGFP-MBD-NLS) mRNA into living mice zygotes. Using this method, we visualized the DNA methylation dynamics in preimplantation mouse embryos and found that DNA hypomethylation of major and

• Determining whether the specification of most or all

  2018-11-08

  

  Determining whether the specification of most, or all, cell lineages occurs within neoblasts is essential for understanding the cellular basis for planarian regeneration. Specifically, at what cellular step in regeneration is the identity of new GSK503 specified? On the basis of prior results demon

• br Acknowledgments We thank members of the

  2018-11-08

  

  Acknowledgments We thank members of the Morshead, van der Kooy, and Shoichet groups for helpful discussion. Anand Swaroop kindly provided the Nrl.gfp mouse strain, and Samer Hattar kindly provided TKO mice. We thank Samantha Yammine, Vincent Huynh, and Shannon Sproul for assistance with behaviora

• In this work we developed multiple tools

  2018-11-08

  

  In this work, we developed multiple tools to interrogate this autocrine and paracrine signaling loop involving α-5 laminin production by hPSCs. The use of the inducible short hairpin lines allowed us to control the dynamics of α-5 laminin production in a reversible manner. However, the interpretatio

• A question arising from this work is

  2018-11-08

  

  A question arising from this work is whether development sets the stage for the early pathophysiological abnormalities in HD and whether we can identify candidate pathways or genes that will restore neuronal homeostasis and protect striatal MSNs halting disease progression. We believe the black and

• While we only implemented ArrayEdit

  2018-11-08

  

  While we only implemented ArrayEdit for fluorescence loss and growth rate differences, the method employing HCA is extendable in principle to any image-based phenotype. Phenotypes could be defined by changes in uptake of cytoxicity dyes, live immunocytochemistry for cell surface or extracellular mat

• folate analogue This has important implications for competit

  2018-11-08

  

  This has important implications for competitive transplantation experiments. Because they have the same reconstitution potential, modified HSPCs from any C57BL/6N or C57BL/6J strain can be directed compared with our CD45.1STEM strain without an additional control group. This contrasts with the situa

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