• In modern science and technology many optimization

  2019-07-22

  

  In modern science and technology, many optimization problems need to be solved in real time, while these classical methods cannot render real-time solutions to these optimization problems, especially large-scale problems. As a new metaheuristic, particle swarm optimization (PSO) [18], [19] has prove

• br The estrogen receptors History and

  2019-07-22

  

  The estrogen receptors: History and discovery In 1958, Elwood Jensen discovered the estrogen receptor, the first receptor ever encountered for any hormone, by showing that reproductive female tissues were able to uptake estrogen from the circulation by binding to proteins. He later demonstrated t

• A possible explanation for these observations has been

  2019-07-22

  

  A possible explanation for these observations has been provided by a recent study showing that EWS-FLI-1 increases the Skp2-mediated 26S proteasome degradation, decreasing p27 protein stability and preventing cell senescence [42]. Mechanism of action of EWS-FLI-1 Molecular analysis has revealed

• br Acetylcholinesterase and cholinergic signaling The concep

  2019-07-19

  

  Acetylcholinesterase and cholinergic signaling The concept of a synapse between a neuron and an innervated cell, and the receptors that mediated their interaction, was developed by Bernard, Ehrlich, Sherrington, Langley and others (see [7], [8], [9]. It was long debated whether transmission of ne

• br Results and discussion br Conclusion Recent studies showe

  2019-07-19

  

  Results and discussion Conclusion Recent studies showed that EGFR signaling is involved in inflammatory response in several inflammatory conditions. The normal inflammatory macrophage nos inhibitor show EGFR-dependent production of inflammatory mediators. Nevertheless, the development of EGFR

• The importance of EBI for

  2019-07-19

  

  The importance of EBI2 for B cell function was first suggested by the dramatic upregulation of this receptor in EBV-transformed Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail 1 (100X in DMSO) and further inferred from its regulation in activated and GC B cells (Birkenbach et al., 1993, Glynne et al., 2000, Shaffer

• We also identified Ubc as a functional

  2019-07-19

  

  We also identified Ubc13 as a functional E2 for LNX1 and determined the complex structure of LNX1–Ubc13~Ub, which depicts the first step of the ubiquitination process (Fig. 3a.). Comparing structural alignment of the RNF4 RING: Ubc13~Ub: Ube2V2 complex (PDB code 5AIU) [33] and the RNF4:Ubc13~Ub comp

• All known vertebrate TRIMs are categorized in distinct

  2019-07-19

  

  All known vertebrate TRIMs are categorized in 11 distinct subclasses depending on the types of domains present at their carboxyl-terminals (Fig. 3) [29], [35]. Beyond conserved N-terminal domains, it is the C-terminal that provides specificity of interactions with other proteins. The subclass IV for

• br Conclusion In conclusion DNA

  2019-07-19

  

  Conclusion In conclusion, DNA methylation is a major epigenetic mark, which regulates temporal and spatial expression of the testicular genes required for normal spermatogenesis process. There are two types of methylation, maintenance and de novo methylation, which are catalysed by DNMT1, DNMT3A

• br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments br Introductio

  2019-07-19

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments Introduction Incessant consumption of fossil fuels brings on global energy crisis and serious environmental concerns. Hence, the researchers have paid considerable attention to alternative renewable bioenergy. Microalgae has been considered as potenti

• Palifosfamide chemical br Authors contributions br Acknowled

  2019-07-19

  

  Authors’ contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Retinoic Palifosfamide chemical is a key signalling molecule in healthy development and in differentiation of stem cells, albeit uncontrolled levels of retinoic acid can lead to mutagenesis [1]. In eukaryotes retinoic acid is made by oxid

• br Conclusion br Funding source br Ethical approval

  2019-07-19

  

  Conclusion Funding source Ethical approval Conflict of interest statement Introduction Traditionally, schizophrenia (SZ) was thought to be associated with neuronal dysfunction; however, the current hypothesis that myelin and, specifically, oligodendrocytes are also involved in the dev

• The sequence identity of CYP A with CYP

  2019-07-19

  

  The sequence identity of CYP3A163 with CYP3A sequences from other species is maximum in reptiles ranging (75-91)%, gradually decreasing from IT-901 (63-71)% to mammals 62% to downwards based on evolutionary distances. The high level of homology with CYP3A77 in Alligator mississippiensis suggest that

• Palliative surgeries for refractory epilepsy include vagus n

  2019-07-19

  

  Palliative surgeries for refractory epilepsy include vagus nerve stimulation and corpus callosotomy. Among 220 individuals with CDD with parent-entered data, 17% had a vagus nerve stimulation implanted and 69% of parents reported reduced seizure frequency. These data are consistent with a case repor

• In conclusion over expression of Stokesia epoxygenase SlEPX

  2019-07-18

  

  In conclusion, over-expression of Stokesia epoxygenase (SlEPX) in soybean seeds led to some unusual seed phenotypes. These effects can be overcome by coexpression of Vernonia DGATs (VgDGAT1 & 2). The DGATs can specifically transfer vernolic Salirasib into TAG, largely reducing vernolic acid levels

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